Ionic and covalent bonding are modern concepts that were unknown
during the period of this simulation. We now distinguish between
two different types of bonds holding compounds together.
Ionic bonding: due to electrostatic forces between oppositely
charged ions.
Covalent bonding: due to the sharing of electrons between nuclei.
Ionic compounds are formed by elements
on opposite sides of the periodic table -- between a metal and
a nonmetal. They also can
involve polyatomic ions such as sulfate, SO4-2.
Covalent compounds are formed by elements which are close to each
other on the periodic table -- two nonmetals. |
Examples |
Ionic Compounds |
NaCl |
K2SO4 |
Fe2O3 |
Covalent Compounds |
CO2 |
PCl3 |
C2H6 |
|
|