WJ Question 8

Consider the two structures below for the metal ammine, Co(NH3)3(NO2)2Cl.

Emil Peterson (Z. Phys. Chem. 1897, 22, 410) found the conductivity of this compound to be 116. Which of the two structures above does this experimental value support? How would Werner explain this?

WJ Question 9

Kauffman (1,2) mentions Ostwald's twofold division of scientific genius.

The Classic Type: The deep-digging completer who produces with long deliberation and slowly develops a traditional theory.

The Romantic Type: The impulsive and brilliant initiator who produces prolifically and easily at an early age.

Do Werner and Jørgensen fit into this scheme? If you think so, explain why.

WJ Question 10

The period between 1893 and 1907 was a revolutionary time in the field of inorganic chemistry. Look back at the description of Thomas Kuhn's picture of scientific revolutions. Discuss how Kuhn's portrayal of scientific change applies to the Werner-Jørgensen controversy. You might compare it to the dualism-unitary revolution, which we saw the Evolution of Bonding Theory simulation. Does a crisis precede the introduction of the new paradigm in both cases? How is Jørgensen's response different form that of Berzelius? The ideal scientist is unbiased, devoted to the truth, and willing to change if his or her ideas do not stand up in the long run in the broader scientific community [3]. In the conflicts involving their theories, does Berzelius or Jørgensen fit this idealized picture better?

I talked about this problem when we tested the theories by comparing predictions of ionizable groups with conductivities. You might use the Index to check these pages if you have any questions.