V
valence bond theory
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The theory that describes covalent bonding in terms of the overlap of atomic orbitals on different atoms.
valence electron
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Any of the electrons found in the highest occupied shell of electrons of the neutral atom.
valence-shell electron-pair repulsion theory
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A means of predicting the structures of simple ions and molecules by a simple scheme for counting the number of pairs of electrons in the valence shell of the center atom.
van der Waals equation
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An equation describing the behavior of gases and taking into account the effects of non-ideal behavior such as the non-negligible size of molecules of gas and forces of attraction between the molecules.
van der Waals force
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Any of the attractive forces between polar or non-polar molecules; also used in the same sense as dispersion force.
vapor
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The gaseous state of a substance that typically exists as a liquid or solid.
vapor pressure
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The pressure exerted by the gaseous form of a substance above the liquid form.
vaporization
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The formation of a vapor from a liquid; evaporation.
viscosity
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The extent to which a liquid resists flow.
voltaic cell
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An electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous reaction occurs. Such a cell can be used to generate electricity. Also called Galvanic cell.
VSEPR theory
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Abbreviation for valence-shell electron-pair repulsion theory; a means of predicting the structures of simple ions and molecules by a simple scheme for counting the number of pairs of electrons in the valence shell of the center atom.
vulcanization
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A process that adds substances to rubber in order to change its physical properties.
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