I

ideal gas ideal gas equation
ideal solution igneous
immiscible indicator
induced dipole inert
inert complex inert gas
initial rate inorganic
insoluble instantaneous dipole
instantaneous rate integrated rate equation
intensive property intermediate
intermolecular force internal energy
internuclear distance interstitial
iodine number ion
ion exchange ion product
ionic bond ionic compound
ionic radius ionization
ionization energy ionization isomer
ionizing radiation isoelectronic
isomer isotactic
isotope  




ideal gas

A hypothetical gas for which the relationship among the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles can be described by simple proportionalities summarized by the ideal gas equation, PV = nRT.


ideal gas equation

An equation which gives a simple relationship among the pressure, volume, temperature, and number of moles of a well behaved gas: PV = nRT.


ideal solution

A solution for which the vapor pressure is given by Raoult's law.


igneous

Formed by volcanic action or by great heat.


immiscible

Unable to be dissolved in one another.


indicator

A substance added to a chemical reaction in order to show the extent of completion of the reaction.


induced dipole

A temporary dipole moment in a species created as a result of a dipole in a neighboring species and resulting in an attraction between the species.


inert

Unreactive; often used to describe coordination complexes which exchange ligands slowly.


inert complex

A coordination complex that exchanges ligands slowly.


inert gas

One of the elements in the same column of the periodic table as helium; also called noble gas.


initial rate

The rate of a reaction measured before the reactants change appreciably in concentration.


inorganic

Pertaining to the chemistry of elements other than carbon and compounds containing at most a small amount of carbon.


insoluble

Unable to dissolve in a solvent.


instantaneous dipole

A temporary dipole moment in a species created as a result of the influence of a dipole moment in another species, and resulting in an attraction between the two species.


instantaneous rate

The rate of a reaction at a particular point in time; evaluated from the slope of a plot of concentration vs. time.


integrated rate equation

An equation that describes the concentrations of reactants (and products) as a function of time.


intensive property

A property for which the value does not depend on the amount of matter under consideration.


intermediate

A species that is first formed and then consumed during the course of a reaction; its existence may be important for the interpretation of a rate law.


intermolecular force

Any attraction between molecules, including dipolar attractions, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion forces.


internal energy

A thermodynamic function corresponding to the tendency for spontaneous change is a system; represented by the symbol G.


internuclear distance

The distance between the nuclei of atoms in an element or compound. Bond distances are calculated from this quantity because atoms have no discrete edges.


interstitial

Found in the holes between the atoms or ions of a metal or crystal lattice; often used to describe a non-stoichiometric compound of a metal and a non-metal in which atoms of the non-metal are located between the metal atoms.


iodine number

The number of grams of iodine that react with 100 g of an organic compound, usually a fat; indicative of the degree of unsaturation in the compound.


ion

An atom or covalently bonded set of atoms that carries an overall net charge.


ion exchange

The replacement of ions by other ions, usually on the surface of a resin designed as a reservoir for ions.


ion product

An equilibrium constant expression for a reaction in which the only products are ions and the reactants are such that their concentrations do not appear in the expression; applied to dissolution and autoionization reactions.


ionic bond

The electrostatic attraction that holds together the ions of an ionic compound.


ionic compound

A compound containing oppositely charged ions held together by electrostatic attraction.


ionic radius

An estimate of the size of an ion in an ionic compound; found from the internuclear distance.


ionization

The process of an atom, molecule, or ion losing an electron; also the dissociation of an acid or electrolyte into its component ions.


ionization energy

The amount of energy required to remove an electron from a species.


ionization isomer

One of two or more coordination complexes that have the same chemical composition but differ in which species are ligands and which are non-coordinated ions.


ionizing radiation

Electromagnetic radiation of sufficient energy to knock electrons from molecules to form ions.


isoelectronic

Having the same number of electrons.


isomer

One of two or more substances composed of the same proportions of elements but differing in some aspect of structure.


isotactic

Having regularly repeating structural units; said of a polymer.


isotope

One of two or more atoms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons found in the nucleus.



Copyright © 1993, 1995-1996 JCE Software. All rights reserved. Used with permission.