G
galvanic cell
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An electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous reaction occurs. Such a cell can be used to generate electricity. Also called voltaic cell.
galvanization
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A process in which iron is electrolytically coated with zinc to slow down corrosion.
gamma ray
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High energy radiation emitted during radioactive decay.
gas
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A state of matter in which the distance between particles changes as necessary so that the matter uniformly occupies its container.
gas constant
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A proportionality constant between the product of the pressure and volume of a gas and the product of the number of moles and temperature of the gas.
Geiger counter
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A device used to measure the amount of radioactivity present.
genetic code
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The collection of sequences of bases in DNA that code for the sequence of amino acids used to form proteins.
geometrical isomer
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One of two or more compounds that have the same chemical composition but differ in the spatial arrangements of the atoms.
glass
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A material that is solid in physical form, but has the disorder more typical of a liquid.
Graham's law
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The statement that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass of the gas.
gram
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One thousandth of a kilogram.
grating
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A grating is a component of the spectrophotometer which disperses white light inot a continuos spectrum of colors. The angle of the grating with respect to the incident light determines the wavelength of light which will ultimately pass through the sample solution.
group
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Those elements that comprise a single column of the periodic table.
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