|
Aluminum |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Al(s) |
0 |
28.275 |
0 |
|
|
Al3+(aq) |
-531 |
321.7 |
-485 |
|
|
AlCl3(s) |
-704.2 |
110.67 |
-628.8 |
|
|
Al2O3(s) |
-1675.7 |
50.92 |
-1582.3 |
|
Argon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ar(g) |
0 |
154.843 |
0 |
|
|
Ar(aq) |
-12.1 |
59.4 |
16.4 |
|
Barium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
BaCl2(s) |
-858.6 |
123.68 |
-810.4 |
|
|
BaO(s) |
-553.5 |
70.42 |
-525.1 |
|
|
BaSO4(s) |
-1473.2 |
132.2 |
-1362.2 |
|
|
BaCO3(s) |
-1216.3 |
112.1 |
85.35 |
|
Beryllium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Be(s) |
0 |
9.5 |
0 |
|
|
Be(OH)2(s) |
-902.5 |
51.9 |
-815 |
|
Bromine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Br(g) |
111.884 |
175.022 |
82.396 |
|
|
Br2(l) |
0 |
152.231 |
0 |
|
|
Br2(g) |
30.907 |
245.463 |
3.110 |
|
|
Br2(aq) |
-2.59 |
130.5 |
3.93 |
|
|
Br-(aq) |
-121.55 |
82.4 |
-103.96 |
|
|
BrCl(g) |
14.64 |
240.10 |
-0.98 |
|
|
BrF3(g) |
-255.6 |
292.53 |
-229.43 |
|
|
HBr(g) |
-36.40 |
198.695 |
-53.45 |
|
Calcium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ca(s) |
0 |
41.42 |
0 |
|
|
Ca(g) |
178.2 |
158.884 |
144.3 |
|
|
Ca2+(g) |
1925.9 |
|
|
|
|
Ca2+(aq) |
-542.83 |
-53.1 |
-553.58 |
|
|
CaC2(s) |
-59.8 |
69.96 |
-64.9 |
|
|
CaCO3 (s; calcite) |
-1206.92 |
92.9 |
-1128.79 |
|
|
CaCl2(s) |
-795.8 |
104.6 |
-748.1 |
|
|
CaF2(s) |
-1219.6 |
68.87 |
-1167.3 |
|
|
CaH2(s) |
-186.2 |
42 |
-147.2 |
|
|
CaO(s) |
-635.09 |
39.75 |
-604.03 |
|
|
CaS(s) |
-482.4 |
56.5 |
-477.4 |
|
|
Ca(OH)2(s) |
-986.09 |
83.39 |
-898.49 |
|
|
Ca(OH)2(aq) |
-1002.82 |
-74.5 |
-868.07 |
|
|
CaSO4(s) |
-1434.11 |
106.7 |
-1321.79 |
|
Carbon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
C(s, graphite) |
0 |
5.74 |
0 |
|
|
C(s, diamond) |
1.895 |
2.377 |
2.9 |
|
|
C(g) |
716.682 |
158.096 |
671.257 |
|
|
CCl4(l) |
-135.44 |
216.4 |
-65.21 |
|
|
CCl4(g) |
-102.9 |
309.85 |
-60.59 |
|
|
CHCl3(l) |
-134.47 |
201.7 |
-73.66 |
|
|
CHCl3(g) |
-103.14 |
295.71 |
-70.34 |
|
|
CH4 (g, methane) |
-74.81 |
186.264 |
-50.72 |
|
|
C2H2 (g, ethyne) |
226.73 |
200.94 |
209.2 |
|
|
C2H4 (g,ethene) |
52.26 |
219.56 |
68.15 |
|
|
C2H6 (g, ethane) |
-84.68 |
229.6 |
-32.82 |
|
|
C3H8 (g, propane) |
-103.8 |
269.9 |
-23.49 |
|
|
C4H10 (g, butane) |
-126.148 |
310.227 |
-16.985 |
|
|
C6H6 (l, benzene) |
49.03 |
172.8 |
124.5 |
|
|
C6H14(l, hexane) |
-198.782 |
296.018 |
-4.035 |
|
|
C8H18(l, octane) |
-249.952 |
361.205 |
6.707 |
|
|
CH3OH(l, methanol) |
-238.66 |
126.8 |
-166.27 |
|
|
CH3OH(g, methanol) |
-200.66 |
239.81 |
-161.96 |
|
|
CH3OH(aq, methanol) |
-245.931 |
133.1 |
-175.31 |
|
|
C2H5OH(l, ethanol) |
-277.69 |
160.7 |
-174.78 |
|
|
C2H5OH(g, ethanol) |
-235.1 |
282.7 |
-168.49 |
|
|
C2H5OH(aq, ethanol) |
-288.3 |
148.5 |
-181.64 |
|
|
C6H12O6(s, glucose) |
-1274.4 |
235.9 |
-917.2 |
|
|
CH3COO-(aq) |
-486.01 |
86.6 |
-369.31 |
|
|
CH3COOH(aq) |
-485.76 |
178.7 |
-396.46 |
|
|
CH3COOH(l) |
-484.5 |
159.8 |
-389.9 |
|
|
CO(g) |
-110.525 |
197.674 |
-137.168 |
|
|
CO2(g) |
-393.509 |
213.74 |
-394.359 |
|
|
H2CO3(aq) |
-699.65 |
187.4 |
-623.08 |
|
|
HCO3-(aq) |
-691.99 |
91.2 |
-586.77 |
|
|
CO32-(aq) |
-677.14 |
-56.9 |
-527.81 |
|
|
HCOO-(aq) |
-425.55 |
92 |
-351.0 |
|
|
HCOOH(aq) |
-425.43 |
163 |
-372.3 |
|
|
HCOOH(l) |
-424.72 |
128.95 |
-361.35 |
|
|
CS2(g) |
117.36 |
237.84 |
67.12 |
|
|
COCl2(g) |
-218.8 |
283.53 |
-204.6 |
|
Cesium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cs(s) |
0 |
85.23 |
0 |
|
|
Cs+(g) |
457.964 |
|
|
|
|
CsCl(s) |
-443.04 |
101.17 |
-414.53 |
|
Chlorine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cl(g) |
121.679 |
165.198 |
105.68 |
|
|
Cl-(g) |
-233.13 |
|
|
|
|
Cl-(aq) |
-167.159 |
56.5 |
-131.228 |
|
|
Cl2(g) |
0 |
223.066 |
0 |
|
|
Cl2(aq) |
-23.4 |
121 |
6.94 |
|
|
HCl(g) |
-92.307 |
186.908 |
-95.299 |
|
|
HCl(aq) |
-167.159 |
56.5 |
-131.228 |
|
|
ClO2(g) |
102.5 |
256.84 |
120.5 |
|
|
Cl2O(g) |
80.3 |
266.21 |
97.9 |
|
|
ClO-(aq) |
-107.1 |
42. |
-36.8 |
|
|
HClO(aq) |
-120.9 |
142. |
-79.9 |
|
|
ClF3(g) |
-163.2 |
281.61 |
-123.0 |
|
Chromium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cr(s) |
0 |
23.77 |
0 |
|
|
Cr2O3(s) |
-1139.7 |
81.2 |
-1058.1 |
|
|
CrCl3(s) |
-556.5 |
123 |
-486.1 |
|
Copper |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cu(s) |
0 |
33.15 |
0 |
|
|
CuO(s) |
-157.3 |
42.63 |
-129.7 |
|
|
CuCl2(s) |
-220.1 |
108.07 |
-175.7 |
|
|
CuSO4(s) |
-771.36 |
109. |
-661.8 |
|
Fluorine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
F2(g) |
0 |
202.78 |
0 |
|
|
F(g) |
78.99 |
158.754 |
61.91 |
|
|
F-(g) |
-255.39 |
|
|
|
|
F-(aq) |
-332.63 |
-13.8 |
-278.79 |
|
|
HF(g) |
-271.1 |
173.779 |
-273.2 |
|
|
HF(aq, un-ionized) |
-320.08 |
88.7 |
-296.82 |
|
|
HF(aq, ionized) |
-332.63 |
-13.8 |
-278.79 |
|
Hydrogen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
H2(g) |
0 |
130.684 |
0 |
|
|
H2(aq) |
-4.2 |
57.7 |
17.6 |
|
|
HD(g) |
0.318 |
143.801 |
-1.464 |
|
|
D2(g) |
0 |
144.960 |
0 |
|
|
H(g) |
217.965 |
114.713 |
203.247 |
|
|
H+(g) |
1536.202 |
|
|
|
|
H+(aq) |
0 |
0 |
0 |
|
|
OH-(aq) |
-229.994 |
-10.75 |
-157.244 |
|
|
H2O(l) |
-285.83 |
69.91 |
-237.129 |
|
|
H2O(g) |
-241.818 |
188.825 |
-228.572 |
|
|
H2O2(l) |
-187.78 |
109.6 |
-120.35 |
|
|
H2O2(aq) |
-191.17 |
143.9 |
-134.03 |
|
|
HO2-(aq) |
-160.33 |
23.8 |
-67.3 |
|
|
HDO(l) |
-289.888 |
79.29 |
-241.857 |
|
|
D2O(l) |
-294.600 |
75.94 |
-243.439 |
|
Iodine |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I2(s) |
0 |
116.135 |
0 |
|
|
I2(g) |
62.438 |
260.69 |
19.327 |
|
|
I2(aq) |
22.6 |
137.2 |
16.40 |
|
|
I(g) |
106.838 |
180.791 |
70.25 |
|
|
I-(g) |
-197 |
|
|
|
|
I-(aq) |
-55.19 |
111.3 |
-51.57 |
|
|
I3-(aq) |
-51.5 |
239.3 |
-51.4 |
|
|
HI(g) |
26.48 |
206.594 |
1.70 |
|
|
IF(g) |
-95.65 |
236.17 |
-118.51 |
|
|
ICl(g) |
17.78 |
247.551 |
-5.46 |
|
|
ICl3(g) |
-89.5 |
167.4 |
-22.29 |
|
|
ICl(l) |
-23.89 |
135.1 |
-13.58 |
|
|
IBr(g) |
40.84 |
258.773 |
3.69 |
|
Iron |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fe(s) |
0 |
27.78 |
0 |
|
|
FeO(s) |
-272.0 |
|
|
|
|
Fe2O3(s, hematite) |
-824.2 |
87.4 |
-742.2 |
|
|
Fe3O4(s, magnetite) |
-1118.4 |
146.4 |
-1015.4 |
|
|
FeCl2(s) |
-341.79 |
117.95 |
-302.3 |
|
|
FeCl3(s) |
-399.49 |
142.3 |
-344 |
|
|
FeS2(s, pyrite) |
-178.2 |
52.93 |
-166.9 |
|
|
Fe(CO)5(l) |
-774 |
338.1 |
-705.3 |
|
Lead |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pb(s) |
0 |
64.81 |
0 |
|
|
PbCl2(s) |
-359.41 |
136 |
-314.1 |
|
|
PbO(s, yellow) |
-217.32 |
68.7 |
-187.89 |
|
|
PbS(s) |
-100.4 |
91.2 |
-98.7 |
|
Lithium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Li(s) |
0 |
29.12 |
0 |
|
|
Li+(g) |
685.783 |
|
|
|
|
LiOH(s) |
-484.93 |
42.8 |
-438.95 |
|
|
LiOH(aq) |
-508.48 |
2.8 |
-450.58 |
|
|
LiCl(s) |
-408.701 |
59.33 |
-384.37 |
|
Magnesium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mg(s) |
0 |
32.68 |
0 |
|
|
Mg2+ |
-466.85 |
-138.1 |
-454.8 |
|
|
MgCl2(g) |
-400.4 |
|
|
|
|
MgCl2(s) |
-641.32 |
89.62 |
-591.79 |
|
|
MgCl2(aq) |
-801.15 |
-25.1 |
-717.1 |
|
|
MgO(s) |
-601.70 |
26.94 |
-569.43 |
|
|
Mg(OH)2(s) |
-924.54 |
63.18 |
-833.51 |
|
|
MgS(s) |
-346 |
50.33 |
-341.8 |
|
|
MgSO4(s) |
-1284.9 |
91.6 |
-1170.6 |
|
|
MgCO3(s) |
-1095.8 |
65.7 |
-1012.1 |
|
Mercury |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hg(l) |
0 |
76.02 |
0 |
|
|
HgCl2(s) |
-224.3 |
146 |
-178.6 |
|
|
HgO(s, red) |
-90.83 |
70.29 |
-58.539 |
|
|
HgS(s, red) |
-58.2 |
82.4 |
-50.6 |
|
Nickel |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ni(s) |
0 |
29.87 |
0 |
|
|
NiO(s) |
-239.7 |
37.99 |
-211.7 |
|
|
NiCl2(s) |
-305.332 |
97.65 |
-259.032 |
|
Nitrogen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
N2(g) |
0 |
191.61 |
0 |
|
|
N2(aq) |
-10.8 |
|
|
|
|
N(g) |
472.704 |
153.298 |
455.563 |
|
|
NH3(g) |
-46.11 |
192.45 |
-16.45 |
|
|
NH3(aq) |
-80.29 |
111.3 |
-26.50 |
|
|
NH4+(aq) |
-132.51 |
113.4 |
-79.31 |
|
|
N2H4(l) |
50.63 |
121.21 |
149.34 |
|
|
NH4Cl(s) |
-314.43 |
94.6 |
-202.87 |
|
|
NH4Cl(aq) |
-299.66 |
169.9 |
-210.52 |
|
|
NH4NO3(s) |
-365.56 |
151.08 |
-183.87 |
|
|
NH4NO3(aq) |
-339.87 |
259.8 |
-190.56 |
|
|
NO(g) |
90.25 |
210.76 |
86.55 |
|
|
NO2(g) |
33.18 |
240.06 |
51.31 |
|
|
N2O(g) |
82.05 |
219.85 |
104.20 |
|
|
N2O4(g) |
9.16 |
304.29 |
97.89 |
|
|
N2O4(l) |
-19.50 |
209.2 |
97.54 |
|
|
NOCl(g) |
51.71 |
261.69 |
66.08 |
|
|
HNO3(l) |
-174.10 |
155.60 |
-80.71 |
|
|
HNO3(g) |
-135.06 |
266.38 |
-74.72 |
|
|
HNO3(aq) |
-207.36 |
146.4 |
-111.25 |
|
|
NO3-(aq) |
-205.0 |
146.4 |
-108.74 |
|
|
NF3(g) |
-124.7 |
260.73 |
-83.2 |
|
Oxygen |
|
|
|
|
|
|
O2(g) |
0 |
205.138 |
0 |
|
|
O2(aq) |
-11.7 |
110.9 |
16.4 |
|
|
O(g) |
249.170 |
161.055 |
231.731 |
|
|
O3(g) |
142.7 |
238.93 |
163.2 |
|
|
OH-(aq) |
-229.994 |
-10.75 |
-157.244 |
|
Phosphorus |
|
|
|
|
|
|
P4(s, white) |
0 |
164.36 |
0 |
|
|
P4(s, red) |
-70.4 |
91.2 |
-48.4 |
|
|
P(g) |
314.64 |
163.193 |
278.25 |
|
|
PH3(g) |
5.4 |
310.23 |
13.4 |
|
|
PCl3(g) |
-287 |
311.78 |
-267.8 |
|
|
PCl3(l) |
-319.7 |
217.1 |
-272.3 |
|
|
PCl5(s) |
-443.5 |
|
|
|
|
P4O10(s) |
-2984 |
228.86 |
-2697.7 |
|
|
H3PO4(s) |
-1279 |
110.5 |
-1119.1 |
|
Potassium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
K(s) |
0 |
64.18 |
0 |
|
|
KF(s) |
-567.27 |
66.57 |
-537.75 |
|
|
KCl(s) |
-436.747 |
82.59 |
-409.14 |
|
|
KCl(aq) |
-419.53 |
159.0 |
-414.49 |
|
|
KBr(s) |
-393.798 |
95.90 |
-380.66 |
|
|
KI(s) |
-327.900 |
106.32 |
-324.892 |
|
|
KClO3(s) |
-397.73 |
143.1 |
-296.25 |
|
|
KOH(s) |
-424.764 |
78.9 |
-379.08 |
|
|
KOH(aq) |
-482.37 |
91.6 |
-440.5 |
|
Silicon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Si(s) |
0 |
18.83 |
0 |
|
|
SiBr4(l) |
-457.3 |
277.8 |
-443.8 |
|
|
SiC(s) |
-65.3 |
16.61 |
-62.8 |
|
|
SiCl4(g) |
-657.01 |
330.73 |
-616.98 |
|
|
SiH4(g) |
34.3 |
204.62 |
56.9 |
|
|
SiF4(g) |
-1614.94 |
282.49 |
-1572.65 |
|
|
SiO2(s, quartz) |
-910.94 |
41.84 |
-856.64 |
|
Silver |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ag(s) |
0 |
42.55 |
0 |
|
|
Ag+(aq) |
105.579 |
72.68 |
77.107 |
|
|
Ag2O(s) |
-31.05 |
121.3 |
-11.2 |
|
|
AgCl(s) |
-127.068 |
96.2 |
-109.789 |
|
|
AgI(s) |
-61.84 |
115.5 |
-66.19 |
|
|
AgN3(s) |
620.60 |
99.22 |
591.0 |
|
|
AgNO3(s) |
-124.39 |
140.92 |
-33.41 |
|
|
AgNO3(aq) |
-101.8 |
219.2 |
-34.16 |
|
Sodium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Na(s) |
0 |
51.21 |
0 |
|
|
Na(g) |
107.32 |
153.712 |
76.761 |
|
|
Na+(g) |
609.358 |
|
|
|
|
Na+(ac) |
-240.12 |
59.0 |
-261.905 |
|
|
NaF(s) |
-573.647 |
51.46 |
-543.494 |
|
|
NaF(aq) |
-572.75 |
45.2 |
-540.68 |
|
|
NaCl(s) |
-411.153 |
72.13 |
-384.138 |
|
|
NaCl(g) |
-176.65 |
229.81 |
-196.66 |
|
|
NaCl(aq) |
-407.27 |
115.5 |
-393.133 |
|
|
NaBr(s) |
-361.062 |
86.82 |
-348.983 |
|
|
NaBr(aq) |
-361.665 |
141.4 |
-365.849 |
|
|
NaI(s) |
-287.78 |
98.53 |
-286.06 |
|
|
NaI(aq) |
-295.31 |
170.3 |
-313.47 |
|
|
NaOH(s) |
-425.609 |
64.455 |
-379.484 |
|
|
NaOH(aq) |
-470.114 |
48.1 |
-419.15 |
|
|
NaClO3(s) |
-365.774 |
123.4 |
-262.259 |
|
|
NaHCO3(s) |
-950.81 |
101.7 |
-851.0 |
|
|
Na2CO3(s) |
-1130.68 |
134.98 |
-1044.44 |
|
|
Na2SO4(s) |
-1387.08 |
149.58 |
-1270.16 |
|
Sulfur |
|
|
|
|
|
|
S(s, monoclinic) |
0.33 |
|
|
|
|
S(s, rhombic) |
0 |
31.8 |
0 |
|
|
S(g) |
278.805 |
167.821 |
238.250 |
|
|
S2-(aq) |
33.1 |
-14.6 |
85.8 |
|
|
S2Cl2(g) |
-18.4 |
331.5 |
-31.8 |
|
|
SF6(g) |
-1209 |
291.82 |
-1105.3 |
|
|
SF4(g) |
-774.9 |
292.03 |
-731.3 |
|
|
H2S(g) |
-20.63 |
205.79 |
-33.56 |
|
|
H2S(aq) |
-39.7 |
121 |
-27.83 |
|
|
SO2(g) |
-296.830 |
248.22 |
-300.194 |
|
|
SO3(g) |
-395.72 |
256.76 |
-371.06 |
|
|
SOCl2(g) |
-212.5 |
309.77 |
-198.3 |
|
|
SO42-(aq) |
-909.27 |
20.1 |
-744.53 |
|
|
HSO4-(aq) |
-887.34 |
131.8 |
-755.91 |
|
|
H2SO4(l) |
-813.989 |
156.904 |
-690.003 |
|
|
H2SO4(aq) |
-909.27 |
20.1 |
-744.53 |
|
Tin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sn(s, white) |
0 |
51.55 |
0 |
|
|
Sn(s, gray) |
-2.09 |
44.14 |
0.13 |
|
|
SnCl2(s) |
-325.1 |
|
|
|
|
SnCl4(l) |
-511.3 |
258.6 |
-440.1 |
|
|
SnCl4(g) |
-471.5 |
365.8 |
-432.2 |
|
|
SnO2(s) |
-580.7 |
52.3 |
-519.6 |
|
Titanium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ti(s) |
0 |
30.63 |
0 |
|
|
TiCl4(l) |
-804.2 |
252.34 |
-737.2 |
|
|
TiCl4(g) |
-763.2 |
354.9 |
-726.7 |
|
|
TiO2(s) |
-939.7 |
49.92 |
-884.5 |
|
Uranium |
|
|
|
|
|
|
U(s) |
0 |
50.21 |
0 |
|
|
UO2(s) |
-1084.9 |
77.03 |
-1031.7 |
|
|
UO3(s) |
-1223.8 |
96.11 |
-1145.9 |
|
|
UF4(s) |
-1914.2 |
151.67 |
-1823.3 |
|
|
UF6(g) |
-2147.4 |
377.9 |
-2063.7 |
|
|
UF6(s) |
-2197.0 |
227.6 |
-2068.5 |
|
Zinc |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Zn(s) |
0 |
41.63 |
0 |
|
|
ZnCl2(s) |
-415.05 |
111.46 |
-369.398 |
|
|
ZnO(s) |
-348.28 |
43.64 |
-318.3 |
|
|
ZnS(s, sphalerite) |
-205.98 |
57.7 |
-201.29 |
|
*Taken from The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties, Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data, Vol. 11, Suppl. 2, 1982. |
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